In early February 2004, the press reported the birth of a ‘Two-Headed Baby’ in the Dominican Republic. Eight weeks earlier, on 10 December 2003, Rebeca Martinez (below, with her family) had been born with a second head joined to her own, crown to crown, but without any other obvious developmental defect. The second head had partially developed eyes, ears and lips and grew quicker than the lower one, probably due to hydrocephalus caused by defective venous drainage. Leading American surgeons with considerable experience of separating conjoined twins were consulted, a charity paying for all expenses, and they planned to operate before the weight of the second head made it impossible for Rebeca to lift her own.