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| would u take a pill to live forever? |
| yes |
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42% |
[ 57 ] |
| maybe |
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20% |
[ 28 ] |
| no |
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23% |
[ 32 ] |
| no, and would outlaw it |
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12% |
[ 17 ] |
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| Total Votes : 134 |
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ramonmercado Psycho Punk
Joined: 19 Aug 2003 Total posts: 17933 Location: Dublin Gender: Male |
 Posted: 02-07-2010 14:57 Post subject: |
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| Quote: | The Scientist: NewsBlog:
Longevity's secret code revealed
Posted by Jennifer Welsh
[Entry posted at 1st July 2010 07:01 PM GMT]
View comments(5) | Comment on this news story
Extreme longevity is associated with a select group of genetic markers, according to a new study of centenarians, people living at least 100 years. Using these markers, researchers can predict a person's ability to become a centenarian with 77 percent accuracy.
Researchers say they can predict your
likelihood of becoming a centenarian
with 77 percent accuracy
Image: Flickr,
user Dark_Ghetto28
"Exceptional longevity is not this vacuous entity that no one can figure out," said lead author Thomas Perls, the director of the New England Centenarian Study at Boston Medical Center. "I think we've made quite some inroads here in terms of demonstrating a pretty important genetic component to this wonderful trait."
"This paper is an important breakthrough in the field," agreed Jan Vijg, a gerontological geneticist at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine, who did not participate in the study.
Perls recruited Boston University biostatistician Paola Sebastiani to design the genetic analysis, published on Science Express today (July 1).
The study chose 1000 non-related Caucasian centenarians and super-centenarians (those living 110 years or longer) from the New England Centenarian Study, which has been following people since 1995. The centenarians were compared to younger Caucasians with similar genetic backgrounds.
The researchers compared the frequency of 300,000 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in both groups, then looked for the SNPs that appeared most unique to the centenarians. They sequentially added additional markers down the line, increasing the specificity and sensitivity of the prediction algorithm until the results plateaued. Ultimately, the algorithm contained 150 SNPs that predicted a person's chances of reaching 100 with 77 percent accuracy.
The team is developing a software program for use by other researchers, companies, and individuals to analyze a genetic sequence and determine the likelihood of extreme longevity.
Less than half of the SNPs were located in areas associated with functioning genes. Some linked to the insulin pathway, some to genes associated with Alzheimer's disease (including the ApoE4 gene variant, which is a genetic risk factor for the disease) and dementia. Many of the SNPs point to more basic biological processes, such as chromosomal instability, muscle function and control of the immune system. "Biologically what they show is that many many different processes are involved in achieving these exceptionally old ages," said Sebastiani.
Of course, the researchers could only compare centenarians to younger controls, some of whom may eventually become centenarians themselves. However, given that it is such a rare trait -- only one in six thousand people reaches 100 or older -- the researchers said this potential confounder likely had minimal impact on the findings.
The centenarians were placed into smaller groups based on their SNP profiles. Some of the groups showed special characteristics, like those who survive the longest or those with the most delayed onset of age-related diseases. There was one cluster of centenarians that did not carry many of the SNPs associated with longevity. These could be people who lived really healthy lives, or harbor rare variants linked to longevity, the authors suggested.
Even though the centenarians survived so long, the researchers found that they have similar levels of a large set of disease-associated genetic risk factors as the controls, including risk factors for Alzheimer's, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. This seems to indicate that long-life indicators also somehow mask disease traits.
"You could conceivably produce a chip that would help predict people's genetic predisposition for exceptional longevity," said Perls, cautioning that such a test would carry serious ramifications.
The study's approach to unraveling the intertwined combination of genetic markers underlying disease could be used to learn more about other complicated genetic diseases like diabetes, Parkinson's, Alzheimer's and cardiovascular diseases, said Sebastiani.
The paper "tells us we should really look closely at aging and longevity if we want to learn more about diseases," said Vijg.
P. Sebastiani, et al. "Genetic signatures of exceptional longevity in humans," Science Express, July 2010
http://www.the-scientist.com/blog/print/57543/ |
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| ramonmercado Psycho Punk
Joined: 19 Aug 2003 Total posts: 17933 Location: Dublin Gender: Male |
| Posted: 09-07-2010 13:58 Post subject: |
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| Quote: | Critics cast doubt on recent longevity gene study findings
http://www.physorg.com/news197872790.html
July 9th, 2010 in Medicine & Health / Genetics
(PhysOrg.com) -- A recent study of centenarians (reported in PhysOrg on July 1st) that linked a number of gene variants to longevity has now been questioned by other scientists, who suggest a DNA chip known as 610-Quad, used in the analysis, has a tendency to produce false-positives. The flaw in the chip, along with other concerns, has cast doubts on some of the major findings of the study.
The paper, published in Science, identified 150 genetic variants that may protect the body against disease and increase the chances of reaching 100 years or more. Even some of its critics admit the research was well-designed in almost all respects, and the researchers say they conducted "extensive quality-control procedures and cleaning of the data," and stand by their results.
One of the major components of the work, carried out by researchers at the Boston University School of Medicine, was a genome-wide association study (GWAS), which uses DNA analysis (SNP) chips to analyze DNA from many subjects to identify variants more common in the group of interest, called cases (in this study people over 100) than in controls. The variants seen more often in the cases are then considered to be linked to the trait being studied. The researchers built a model based on their genetic analysis, and found it could predict extreme longevity with 77 percent accuracy.
A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) chip is a tool now widely used in genome analysis. The chips are not perfect and are all known to occasionally identify parts of DNA incorrectly, with each type of chip making different errors at different parts of the genome. If only one type of chip is used this can lead to false-positive results, and that is what some scientists, including geneticist David Goldstein of Duke University in Durham, North Carolina, suggest may have happened in the longevity gene study.
Goldstein said it is important to ensure cases and controls are analyzed in exactly the same way using exactly the same chip. If different chips are used for cases and controls the results found may be experimental artifacts rather than real differences. Goldstein added that using the same chip is standard practice for most GWAS research, and the "rigor that seems to be missing from this study is almost always found in others."
In the longevity gene study all the chips were made by the company Illumina, but they were not identical and some of the control and case samples were analyzed in different laboratories. According to the original paper most of the centenarians were analyzed using a 370 chip that looks at 370,000 genetic variations, while around 10 percent were analyzed using the 610-Quad chip that looks at 610,000 genetic variants. Some of the controls were analyzed with the 370 chip, others with the 610, and still others were analyzed using two other chips.
A geneticist from Iceland, Kari Stefansson, who founded deCode Genetics, also suggested a weakness in the research since the 610 chip has a "quirk" related to two of the strongest variants linked by the study to longevity: rs1455311 and rs1036819, in which it tends to always see the minor form (allele) of DNA but does not identify the major allele at those locations in the genome, even though it is usually present.
Stefánsson said when researchers are looking for unusual patterns in their cases, they could mistake these errors for a genetic link that does not really exist. From his knowledge of the 610-Quad quirks he also took the data from the paper and calculated an estimate of centenarians who would have been analyzed with that chip. His result of eight percent is close to the actual figure of 10 percent.
Author of the original paper, biostatistician Paola Sebastiani of Boston University, said the reason was that the 370 chip went off the market during the study and using a different chip was "the best option for us in terms of costs and coverage." She also said the team found the same variants associated with longevity when a third laboratory repeated the analysis of control samples.
The flaw in the chip could be discounted if the analysis was re-run using the same DNA chip for controls and cases, but critics of the study say this should have been done before the paper was published in one of the top science journals. If the analysis were to be repeated it is possible the genetic associations found in the original paper will still hold, but until this is done they say the results found must remain in doubt.
After concerns were raised about the paper’s findings the authors issued a statement acknowledging there had been "a technical error in the laboratory test used on approximately 10% of the centenarian sample that involved the two of the 150 variants." They said their preliminary analysis suggests the error would not affect the overall accuracy of the model, but they are closely re-examining the analysis. |
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| ramonmercado Psycho Punk
Joined: 19 Aug 2003 Total posts: 17933 Location: Dublin Gender: Male |
| Posted: 15-09-2010 20:46 Post subject: |
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| Quote: | Fountain of youth in bile? Longevity molecule identified
http://www.physorg.com/news203763929.html
September 15th, 2010 in Medicine & Health / Research
The human quest for longer life may be one step closer, thanks to research from Concordia University. Published in the journal Aging, a new study is the first to identify the role of a bile acid, called lithocholic acid (LCA), in extending the lifespan of normally aging yeast. The findings may have significant implications for human longevity and health, as yeast share some common elements with people.
"Although we found that LCA greatly extends yeast longevity, yeast do not synthesize this or any other bile acid found in mammals," says senior author Vladimir Titorenko, Concordia University Research Chair in Genomics, Cell Biology and Aging and a professor in the Department of Biology. "It may be that yeast have evolved to sense bile acids as mildly toxic molecules and respond by undergoing life-extending changes. It is conceivable that the life-extending potential of LCA may be relevant to humans as well."
Over 19 000 small molecules screened
Titorenko and colleagues screened more than 19 000 small molecules to test their ability to extend yeast-lifespan. Under both normal and stressed conditions, LCA had a major impact.
"Our findings imply that LCA extends longevity by targeting two different mechanisms," says first author Alexander Goldberg, a Concordia doctoral student. "The first takes place regardless of the number of calories and involves the day-to-day or housekeeping proteins. The second system occurs during calorie-restriction and involves stressor proteins."
"Regardless of their triggers both of these mechanisms work to suppress the pro-aging process," he continues.
Bile acids may be beneficial to health
"Although we have an overall idea how LCA works to extend longevity in yeast, we still need to determine if this is the case for other species," says Titorenko. "We do know from previous studies, however, that bile acids are beneficial to health and longevity. For example, they have shown to accumulate in the serum of long living mice and play a role in improving rodent liver and pancreatic function."
"This leads us to believe that bile acids have potential as pharmaceutical agents for the treatment of diabetes, obesity and various metabolic disorders, all of which are age-related," continues Titorenko. "They may indeed offer hope for a healthy aging life."
More information: http://www.physorg.com/news203763929.html |
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| Zilch5 Vogon Poet
Great Old One Joined: 08 Nov 2007 Total posts: 1527 Location: Western Sydney, Australia Gender: Male |
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| Kondoru Unfeathered Biped Joined: 05 Dec 2003 Total posts: 5788 Gender: Unknown |
| Posted: 16-09-2010 11:49 Post subject: |
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Very funny, but some valid points.
I doubt, somehow, that people would want to live more than a thousand years. |
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| ramonmercado Psycho Punk
Joined: 19 Aug 2003 Total posts: 17933 Location: Dublin Gender: Male |
| Posted: 16-09-2010 12:47 Post subject: |
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| Kondoru wrote: | Very funny, but some valid points.
I doubt, somehow, that people would want to live more than a thousand years. |
Speak for yourself! |
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| eburacum Papo-Furado
Great Old One Joined: 26 Aug 2005 Total posts: 1587 Gender: Unknown |
| Posted: 16-09-2010 23:25 Post subject: |
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I like the last one ("You'll end up trapped somewhere - forever").
A true immortal would find that a real problem. You'd end up frozen into the ice as the Sun slowly cools into a black dwarf, then you'd have to wait wait as the planet slowly evaporates thanks to quantum tunneling.
Eventually you'd be trapped in a Hubble Volume with only yourself in it...
Being a true immortal certainly has its drawbacks. |
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| Kondoru Unfeathered Biped Joined: 05 Dec 2003 Total posts: 5788 Gender: Unknown |
| Posted: 17-09-2010 09:55 Post subject: |
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| But I suspect a true immortal would be adapted to this, and have an immortal sized patience |
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| BlackRiverFalls I wear a fez now.
Joined: 03 Aug 2003 Total posts: 8716 Location: The Attic of Blinky Lights Age: 44 Gender: Female |
| Posted: 18-09-2010 10:14 Post subject: |
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But it is not like all humans adapt to having a human sized patience?  |
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| ramonmercado Psycho Punk
Joined: 19 Aug 2003 Total posts: 17933 Location: Dublin Gender: Male |
| Posted: 11-10-2010 19:07 Post subject: |
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Who needs another reason to eat curries?
| Quote: | The spice of life: Curry’s main ingredient has more to offer than good flavor
http://www.physorg.com/news206020290.html
October 11th, 2010 in Medicine & Health / Health
Turmeric has long been used as a natural way to treat a host of ailments. Mahtab Jafari’s study is the first to show how its active ingredient impacts age-associated genes and increases longevity in fruit flies. Image: Daniel A. Anderson
Mahtab Jafari's research shows curry's main ingredient has more to offer than good flavor. It extended the lifespan of fruit flies by up to 20 percent, while improving locomotion and having tumor-prevention properties.
Along with giving curries and other spicy Asian dishes a bright golden color and peppery flavor, turmeric has been used for centuries as an herbal medicine to treat a host of ailments, like upset stomach, arthritic pain, cuts and bruises.
Mahtab Jafari, associate professor of pharmaceutical sciences at UC Irvine, has discovered that the main active ingredient in turmeric may have even greater health benefits. In a study published in Rejuvenation Research, she and Korean researcher Kyung-Jin Min found that curcumin extended the lifespan of fruit flies by up to 20 percent, while improving locomotion and having tumor-prevention properties.
As a member of the Susan Samueli Center for Integrative Medicine, Jafari studies the potential anti-aging qualities of foods many people use for their purported health benefits, such as Rhodiola rosea, green tea extract and Rosa damascena, which is found in rose water.
“Mahtab’s research area is extremely important, because most herbals and medicinal foods remain unregulated, with little scientific evidence that they’re effective or safe,” says Dr. Wadie Najm, the Samueli Center’s medical director. “Her work builds a great foundation for letting us know whether a product really provides health benefits.”
Here, Jafari discusses her findings about curcumin and shares insights on medicinal foods and herbal remedies in general.
Q: Why did you focus on curcumin?
A: Curcumin has many reported therapeutic benefits in humans. Preliminary results from laboratory studies suggest that the spice has anti-inflammatory, anticancer and antioxidant properties. Currently, the National Institutes of Health is also funding basic research on the potential role of curcumin in preventing acute respiratory distress syndrome, liver cancer and postmenopausal osteoporosis.
Q: Why did flies that received curcumin supplements live longer?
A: While curcumin works as an antioxidant, we don’t exactly know why flies lived longer. But since curcumin affected age-associated genes, we can hypothesize that it affected the aging process.
Q: How can this translate into longer, healthier lives for people?
A: Although flies and humans share many genes and aging pathways, we won’t be able to extrapolate our work to people. However, there are a number of current human studies on the benefits of curcumin.
Q: Any words of warning about medicinal foods?
A: There are many media reports on their advantages, but unless such products are evaluated in sound scientific studies for their efficacy and safety, the public should be skeptical. Knowledge is power! People need to scrutinize hype.
Q: Many cultures have advocated certain foods for improving health. Which claims have been scientifically proven?
A: I believe science is behind in studying the value and therapeutic benefits of the medicinal foods and practices of various groups around the globe. In many cultures, native plants are used in their natural form or in high-quality extracts. Unfortunately, the authenticity of some of these “natural” products in the U.S. market could be questionable. Regardless, there are many plants and food products scientifically proven to have positive effects on our health — gingko, fish oil, ginseng, garlic, antioxidant fruits such as berries and, of course, the main plant I work with, Rhodiola rosea.
Q: How did you develop an interest in this field of research, and does it influence your use of medicinal foods?
A: Until 2005, I worked mainly with pharmaceuticals. But when I joined UCI’s new pharmaceutical sciences program in January 2005, using the fruit fly as my model system, I screened about 75 pharmaceuticals and botanicals for their potential anti-aging properties. Only a few botanical extracts extended the fly lifespan without compromising its health. After learning more about these and realizing how safe they are, I shifted the focus of my work to plants.
On a personal level, I’ve always been fascinated by the benefits of medicinal foods and how herbal remedies from various cultures have been used for hundreds and thousands of years around the globe. Yet Western medicine doesn’t approve of them due to the lack of scientific data. My research is an opportunity to change this.
Provided by UC Irvine |
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| ramonmercado Psycho Punk
Joined: 19 Aug 2003 Total posts: 17933 Location: Dublin Gender: Male |
| Posted: 24-11-2010 19:02 Post subject: |
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| Quote: |
High Alpha-Carotene Levels Associated With Longer Life
23 Nov 2010
High blood levels of the antioxidant alpha-carotene appear to be associated with a reduced risk of dying over a 14-year period, according to a report posted online today that will be published in the March 28 print issue of Archives of Internal Medicine, one of the JAMA/Archives journals.
Oxygen-related damage to DNA, proteins and fats may play a role in the development of chronic diseases like heart disease and cancer, according to background information in the article. Carotenoids-including beta-carotene, alpha-carotene and lycopene-are produced by plants and microorganisms and act as antioxidants, counteracting this damage. Carotenoids in the human body are obtained mainly through eating fruits and vegetables rich in the nutrients, or through antioxidant supplements.
Although studies suggest eating more fruits and vegetables is associated with lower risk of chronic diseases, randomized controlled trials have not shown any benefit for beta-carotene supplements, the authors note. "Therefore, carotenoids other than beta-carotene may contribute to the reduction in disease risk, and their effects on risk of disease merit investigation," the authors write.
Chaoyang Li, M.D., Ph.D., of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, and colleagues assessed the relationship between alpha-carotene and the risk of death among 15,318 adults age 20 and older who participated in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Follow-up Study. Participants underwent a medical examination and provided blood samples between 1988 and 1994, and were followed through 2006 to determine whether and how they died.
Over the course of the study, 3,810 participants died; the risk for dying was lower with higher levels of alpha-carotene in the blood. Compared with individuals with blood alpha-carotene levels between 0 and 1 micrograms per deciliter, the risk of death during the study period was 23 percent lower among who had concentrations between 2 and 3 micrograms per deciliter, 27 percent lower with levels between 4 and 5 micrograms per deciliter, 34 percent lower with levels between 6 and 8 micrograms per deciliter and 39 percent lower with levels of 9 micrograms per deciliter or higher.
Higher alpha-carotene concentration also appeared to be associated with lower risk of dying from cardiovascular disease or cancer individually, and of all other causes. "The association between serum alpha-carotene concentrations and risk of death from all causes was significant in most subgroups stratified by demographic characteristics, lifestyle habits and health risk factors," the authors write.
Alpha-carotene is chemically similar to beta-carotene but may be more effective at inhibiting the growth of cancer cells in the brain, liver and skin, they note. "Moreover, results from a population-based case-control study of the association between the consumption of fruits and vegetables and risk of lung cancer suggest that consumption of yellow-orange (carrots, sweet potatoes or pumpkin and winter squash) and dark-green (broccoli, green beans, green peas, spinach, turnips greens, collards and leaf lettuce) vegetables, which have a high alpha-carotene content, was more strongly associated with a decreased risk of lung cancer than was consumption of all other types of vegetables," the authors write.
The results support increasing fruit and vegetable consumption as a way of preventing premature death, and suggest a need for clinical research into the health benefits of alpha-carotene, they conclude.
(Arch Intern Med. Published online November 22, 2010. doi:10.1001/archinternmed.2010.440. )
Source: Archives of Internal Medicine
Article URL: http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/208889.php |
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| rynner2 What a Cad!
Great Old One Joined: 13 Dec 2008 Total posts: 21365 Location: Under the moon Gender: Male |
| Posted: 29-11-2010 10:13 Post subject: |
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Harvard scientists reverse the ageing process in mice – now for humans
Harvard scientists were surprised that they saw a dramatic reversal, not just a slowing down, of the ageing in mice. Now they believe they might be able to regenerate human organs
Ian Sample, science correspondent guardian.co.uk, Sunday 28 November 2010
Scientists claim to be a step closer to reversing the ageing process after rejuvenating worn out organs in elderly mice. The experimental treatment developed by researchers at Harvard Medical School turned weak and feeble old mice into healthy animals by regenerating their aged bodies.
The surprise recovery of the animals has raised hopes among scientists that it may be possible to achieve a similar feat in humans – or at least to slow down the ageing process.
An anti-ageing therapy could have a dramatic impact on public health by reducing the burden of age-related health problems, such as dementia, stroke and heart disease, and prolonging the quality of life for an increasingly aged population.
"What we saw in these animals was not a slowing down or stabilisation of the ageing process. We saw a dramatic reversal – and that was unexpected," said Ronald DePinho, who led the study, which was published in the journal Nature.
"This could lead to strategies that enhance the regenerative potential of organs as individuals age and so increase their quality of life. Whether it serves to increase longevity is a question we are not yet in a position to answer."
The ageing process is poorly understood, but scientists know it is caused by many factors. Highly reactive particles called free radicals are made naturally in the body and cause damage to cells, while smoking, ultraviolet light and other environmental factors contribute to ageing.
The Harvard group focused on a process called telomere shortening. Most cells in the body contain 23 pairs of chromosomes, which carry our DNA. At the ends of each chromosome is a protective cap called a telomere. Each time a cell divides, the telomeres are snipped shorter, until eventually they stop working and the cell dies or goes into a suspended state called "senescence". The process is behind much of the wear and tear associated with ageing.
At Harvard, they bred genetically manipulated mice that lacked an enzyme called telomerase that stops telomeres getting shorter. Without the enzyme, the mice aged prematurely and suffered ailments, including a poor sense of smell, smaller brain size, infertility and damaged intestines and spleens. But when DePinho gave the mice injections to reactivate the enzyme, it repaired the damaged tissues and reversed the signs of ageing.
"These were severely aged animals, but after a month of treatment they showed a substantial restoration, including the growth of new neurons in their brains," said DePinho.
Repeating the trick in humans will be more difficult. Mice make telomerase throughout their lives, but the enzyme is switched off in adult humans, an evolutionary compromise that stops cells growing out of control and turning into cancer. Raising levels of telomerase in people might slow the ageing process, but it makes the risk of cancer soar.
DePinho said the treatment might be safe in humans if it were given periodically and only to younger people who do not have tiny clumps of cancer cells already living, unnoticed, in their bodies.
David Kipling, who studies ageing at Cardiff University, said: "The goal for human tissue 'rejuvenation' would be to remove senescent cells, or else compensate for the deleterious effects they have on tissues and organs. Although this is a fascinating study, it must be remembered that mice are not little men, particularly with regard to their telomeres, and it remains unclear whether a similar telomerase reactivation in adult humans would lead to the removal of senescent cells."
Lynne Cox, a biochemist at Oxford University, said the study was "extremely important" and "provides proof of principle that short-term treatment to restore telomerase in adults already showing age-related tissue degeneration can rejuvenate aged tissues and restore physiological function."
DePinho said none of Harvard's mice developed cancer after the treatment. The team is now investigating whether it extends the lifespan of mice or enables them to live healthier lives into old age.
Tom Kirkwood, director of the Institute for Ageing and Health at Newcastle University, said: "The key question is what might this mean for human therapies against age-related diseases? While there is some evidence that telomere erosion contributes to age-associated human pathology, it is surely not the only, or even dominant, cause, as it appears to be in mice engineered to lack telomerase. Furthermore, there is the ever-present anxiety that telomerase reactivation is a hallmark of most human cancers."
http://www.guardian.co.uk/science/2010/nov/28/scientists-reverse-ageing-mice-humans |
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| locussolus Great Old One Joined: 20 Jul 2009 Total posts: 232 Gender: Unknown |
| Posted: 30-11-2010 21:00 Post subject: |
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| Anyone seen the old Hammer or Amicus film The Asphyx? It has a really really creepy premise that deals with living forever. |
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| ramonmercado Psycho Punk
Joined: 19 Aug 2003 Total posts: 17933 Location: Dublin Gender: Male |
| Posted: 30-11-2010 23:38 Post subject: |
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| locussolus wrote: | | Anyone seen the old Hammer or Amicus film The Asphyx? It has a really really creepy premise that deals with living forever. |
Yeah, rather dark and nasty. Nothing glam about being an Immortal in it. |
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| locussolus Great Old One Joined: 20 Jul 2009 Total posts: 232 Gender: Unknown |
| Posted: 30-11-2010 23:50 Post subject: |
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| Nope. Haunting concepts in a less than perfect film, indeed. |
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